Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD): a therapeutic nutritional tool for acne?

Table 5 Simple and adjusted correlations among the Δ% DLQI score and changes in the study parameters after 45 days of the active phase of VLCKD

Δ%	Δ% DLQI
	Simple		Adjusted for Δ% FM
	r	p-value	r	p-value
Anthropometric parameters
Weight (kg)	0.719	< 0.001	0.408	0.025
BMI (kg/m²)	0.721	< 0.001	0.412	0.024
WC (cm)	0.533	0.002	0.102	0.593
Body composition parameters
R (Ω)	− 0.188	0.312	− 0.351	0.057
Xc (Ω)	− 0.751	< 0.001	− 0.573	0.001
PhA (°)	− 0.827	< 0.001	− 0.656	< 0.001
TBW (lt)	0.333	0.068	0.388	0.034
TBW (%)	− 0.334	0.066
ECW (lt)	0.781	< 0.001	0.593	0.001
ECW (%)	0.813	< 0.001	0.625	< 0.001
ICW (lt)	− 0.707	< 0.001	− 0.377	0.040
ICW (%)	− 0.814	< 0.001	− 0.631	< 0.001
FM (kg)	0.667	< 0.001	–	–
FM (%)	0.600	< 0.001	–	–
FFM (kg)	0.028	0.879	0.453	0.012
FFM (%)	− 0.535	0.002	0.190	0.315
BCM (kg)	− 0.748	< 0.001	− 0.453	0.012
BCMI (kg/m²)	− 0.747	< 0.001	− 0.451	0.012
SMM (kg)	0.167	0.369	0.335	0.070
SMM (%)	− 0.262	0.154	0.185	0.326
Dysbiosis and oxidative stress parameters
TMAO (µM)	0.597	< 0.001	0.023	0.904
dROMS (U Carr)	0.914	< 0.001	0.838	< 0.001
Dermatological parameters
GAGS (score)	0.736	< 0.001	0.683	< 0.001

A p-value in bold type denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05)
GAGS global acne grading system, DLQI dermatology life quality index, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, R resistance, Xc reactance, PhA phase angle, TBW total body water, ECW extracellular water, ICW intracellular water, FM fat mass, FFM fat free mass, BCM body cell mass, BCMI body cell mass index, SMM skeletal muscle mass, dROMS reactive oxygen metabolites, TMAO trimethylamine n-oxide

ISSN: 1479-5876