Table 1 Differences between DGAT1 and DGAT2
| Â | DGAT1 | DGAT2 |
|---|---|---|
Subcellular localization | ER membrane | ER membrane and surface of LDs [168] |
Substrate affinities | Exogenous FAs | No property or prefer to use DNL FAs |
Topology | N terminus oriented toward the cytoplasmic matrix and C-terminal present in the ER lumen [169] | Both the N and C termini oriented toward the cytosol [169] |
Highest expression tissue in human | Small intestine | Adipose tissue |
Phenotypic consequences when deficient in mice | Modest reductions in tissue TG and lean phenotype [168] | Severe decreases in whole-body TG (90%) and die soon after birth [112] |
Formation of LDs | Small LDs around the cell periphery [170] | Large cytosolic LDs [112] |
Additional acyltransferase activities | Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT), wax monoester and wax diester synthetases | Acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) [35] |