Fig. 5

PD-L1 blockade reverses the inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase on the function of Jurkat cells. A, B PD-L1 blockade reverses the inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase on the proliferation of Jurkat cells. A Jurkat cells were directly co-cultured with HBV-DNA-Pol⁺ Huh7 cells for 24 h in the presence of anti-PD-L1(5 μg/ml) or isotype control, then isolated and stained with CFSE, proliferation rates were measured by flow cytometry after 48 h of Con A stimulation. B The results were plotted after quantitation. C, D PD-L1 blockade reverses the inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase on the activation of Jurkat cells. C Jurkat cells were directly co-cultured with HBV-DNA-Pol⁺ Huh7 cells for 24 h in the presence of anti-PD-L1(5 μg/ml) or isotype control, then isolated and CD69 expression was determined by flow cytometry after 24 h of Con A stimulation. D The quantified results were plotted. E, F PD-L1 blockade reverses the inhibition of HBV DNA polymerase on the cytokine secretion of Jurkat cells. E Jurkat cells were directly co-cultured with HBV-DNA-Pol⁺ Huh7 cells for 24 h in the presence of anti-PD-L1(5 μg/ml) or isotype control, then isolated to measure the production of IFN-γ and TNF-a by flow cytometry 24 h after Con A stimulation. F IFN-γ and TNF-a production was summarized. In all statistical comparisons, three independent experiments were performed (mean ± S.D., n = 3, Student’s t-test). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, no significant