Fig. 4

Effect of TfRMAb-TNFR on 6E10-positive Aβ load and Aβ-microglial co-localization in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice. Representative images of 6E10-positive Aβ stain (A) and the corresponding 6E10-positive area in the entire hippocampus (B). Representative confocal images of 6E10 (green) and Iba1 (blue) double immunofluorescence staining in the plaque-bearing subiculum of WT-Saline and 3xTg-AD mice with or without TfRMAb-TNFR treatment (C). 6E10-labeled Aβ-associated microglia mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) for all 6E10 stain sizes averaged per mouse (D), for individual 6E10 stains < 25 μm² (E), for individual 6E10 stains between 25–500 μm² (F), and for individual 6E10 stains > 500 μm² (G). The number of small (< 500 µm²) and large (> 500 µm²) 6E10 stains in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice with or without TfRMAb-TNFR treatment (H). For E–H, 6E10 stains from all the mice per group were pooled together. Scale bars = 25–50 μm as indicated. The data are shown as Mean ± SEM for WT-Saline (n = 9), Tg-Saline (n = 11), and Tg-TfRMAb-TNFR (n = 11) mice in B-G and as bar graphs in H. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s post-hoc test or unpaired t-test in B–G compared to Tg-Saline mice, and using the Fisher’s exact test in H. Outliers have been detailed in Additional file 1: Table. S1. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, and ns = not significant for the indicated comparisons