Fig. 7

Changes in Hcar2, claudin3, and claudin4 expressions levels in the Caco-2 cells with AI-2+LGG treatment after D-ribose exposure. a, b Effects of different concentrations of D-ribose on the AI-2 activity of LGG at different times (n = 4 per group). c–e Comparison of HCAR2, CLDN3, and CLDN4 mRNA expression levels among the groups (n = 3 per group). f Western blotting analysis of Hcar2, claudin3 and claudin4 protein levels among the groups. g–i Quantitative analysis of Hcar2, claudin3 and claudin4 protein levels normalized with that of the housekeeping gene among the four groups (n = 4 per group). Values are presented as the mean ± SEM. Significance was tested using one-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P <0.001, ****P < 0.0001