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Table 3 Characteristics of patients with FSS ≥ 4 and per cluster that included ≥ 10 patients

From: Fatigue and symptom-based clusters in post COVID-19 patients: a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

 

Mean ± SD, median (25th–75th percentiles) or n (%)

FSS ≥ 4 (n = 66)

Cluster 19 (n = 12)

Cluster 37 (n = 24)

Age, in years

53.7 ± 6.5

52.7 ± 6.5

54.3 ± 7.3

Gender, male

31 (47.0)

3 (25.0)

13 (54.2)

BMI, in kg/m2

30.9 ± 6.0

33.9 ± 5.9

30.0 ± 6.3

Ethnicity

 Caucasian/white

50/63 (79.4)

9 (75.0)

19/22 (86.4)

 Other

13/63 (20.6)

3 (24.9)

3/22 (13.5)

Level of educationa

 Low

24 (36.4)

4 (33.3)

6/23 (26.1)

 Medium

30 (45.5)

7 (58.3)

14/23 (60.9)

 High

4 (6.1)

1 (8.3)

3/23 (13.0)

Current work status

 On disability

19/63 (30.2)

5 (41.7)

8 (33.3)

 Student

2/63 (3.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (4.2)

 Homemaker

10/63 (15.9)

4 (33.3)

3 (12.5)

 Retired

1/63 (1.6)

0 (0.0)

1 (4.2)

 Unemployed

3/63 (4.8)

1 (8.3)

2 (8.3)

 Working part-time

18/63 (28.6)

5 (41.7)

2 (8.3)

 Working full-time

21/63 (33.3)

2 (16.7)

10 (41.7)

Marital status

 Married/living together

44/59 (74.6)

9 (75.0)

17/23 (73.9)

 Living alone

9/59 (15.3)

3 (25.0)

4/23 (17.4)

 Widow(er)/divorced

6/59 (10.2)

0 (0.0)

2/23 (8.7)

Smoking status

 Current

4 (6.1)

0 (0.0)

3 (12.5)

 Ex-smoker

34 (51.5)

8 (66.7)

11 (45.8)

 Never smoker

28 (42.4)

4 (33.3)

10 (41.7)

 At least one comorbidityb

52 (64.6)

6 (50.0)

17 (70.8)

Comorbidities

 Heart failure

4 (6.1)

0 (0.0)

2 (8.3)

 Renal failure

4 (6.1)

0 (0.0)

3 (12.5)

 Diabetes

8 (12.1)

0 (0.0)

4 (16.7)

 COPD

5 (7.6)

0 (0.0)

2 (8.3)

 Asthma

13 (19.7)

2 (16.7)

5 (20.8)

 CVD

16 (24.2)

2 (16.7)

6 (25.0)

 Hospitalized

56 (84.9)

10 (83.3)

22 (91.7)

 Days of hospitalization

7.0 (3.0, 12.0)

7.0 (4.5, 8.0)

8.0 (6.0, 16.0)

 ICU

15 (22.7)

1 (8.3)

9 (37.5)

COVID-19 severityc

 Mild

10 (15.2)

2 (16.7)

2 (8.3)

 Moderate

42 (63.6)

9 (75.0)

14 (58.3)

 Severe

14 (21.2)

1 (8.3)

8 (33.3)

FSS score*

5.88 ± 0.78

6.15 ± 0.55

5.67 ± 0.77

  1. FSS Fatigue Severity Scale, BMI Body Mass Index, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, CVD cardiovascular disease, ICU Intensive Care Unit
  2. *Differences between the two clusters were statistically significant
  3. a. Low = MBO or high school; medium = HBO; high = University bachelor or master
  4. b. Measured comorbidities are COPD, asthma, interstitial lung disease, thrombosis, heart failure, renal failure, hepatic disease, diabetes, cancer, rheumatic disease, CVD and neurologic disease
  5. c. According to the WHO definition
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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