Fig. 3

Identifying Lactylation-related genes (LRGs) in CRC from single-cell transcriptome. A, B The t-SNE plot illustrates the comprehensive annotation of CRC samples into 11 distinct cell types within TME. Each color on the plot corresponds to a specific cell type, as indicated. C The AUCell score, representing lactylation abundance in individual cells, is visually depicted in a gradient color scheme. D AUCell groups reflecting lactylation activity in each cell are projected, with red denoting the high lactylation group and blue indicating the low lactylation group. E Correlation analysis between lactylation-AUCell score and genes and the top 100 associated genes is presented according to R. p-values are displayed using a gradient of blue. F Barplot of GSVA sorted by t value highlights pathways that are upregulated in the high lactylation group. G, H Dotplot visualization demonstrates Gene Ontology (GO) and Disease Ontology (DO) biological process terms enriched in the high lactylation group. The color of the plots is determined by the q-value, with a gradient from low to high q-values