Fig. 1

PF-543 inhibits SphK1 activity in DEN-treated mice. A Total and phospho-SphK1 levels were examined using immunohistochemical staining in tumorous (T) and para-tumorous (para-T) tissues of human HCC specimens; scale bar = 50 μm; n = 10. B Schematic illustration of treatment schedules for in vivo studies, created with BioRender.com. C Body weight over 12 weeks of vehicle (veh) or PF-543 (PF) treatment. D Liver mass was weighed. E phospho(p)-SphK1 SphK1 and SphK2 protein levels in liver tissues were determined using Western blotting. F Hepatic levels of ceramide (Cer), sphingosine (Sph), and S1P were analyzed using lipidomics. C-F n = 9. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001