Fig. 9

Insulin receptor of intestinal T-cells promote intestinal TRM differentiation via EZH2 and consequently exacerbate intestinal inflammation. In response to pathogen invasion following barrier damage, large numbers of effector T cells proliferate and localise in the gut. Insulin acting on the insulin receptor and activating the insulin pathway, promoting up-regulation of EZH2 by effector T cells. EZH2 promotes the differentiation of effector T cells into TRM through methylation of the H3K27 on specific genes locus.TRM can be permanently retained in the intestinal interepithelial or lamina propria and continuously secrete inflammatory factors such as TNF and IL-17, which ultimately promote intestinal inflammation and lead to the pathogenesis and development of IBD