Fig. 3

Metabolic profiling revealed that AKR1B10 significantly augmented the Warburg effect. A The PCA score scatter plot with UV scaling of PC9-OE and PC9-NC cells. R2X = 0.529, Q2 = 0.208. B The PCA score scatter plot with UV scaling of BrM3-shAKR1B10 and BrM3-shNC cells. R2X = 0.515, Q2 = 0.0448. C Heat map of focused differential annotated metabolites either in PC9-OE cells compared with PC9-NC cells, or in BrM3- shAKR1B10 cells compared with BrM3-shNC cells. D, E The differential metabolic pathway (D) and enriched KEGG pathways (E) in PC9-OE cells compared with PC9-NC cells. F The fold changes of glucose, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate and lactate in PC9-OE cells compared with PC9-NC cells. G, H Cellular concentrations of pyruvate (G) and lactate (H) in indicted groups. (n = 3, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, PC9-NC, PC9 transfected with negative control plasmid; PC9-OE, PC9 transfected with AKR1B10 plasmid. shNC, PC9-BrM3 cells transfected with negative control shRNA; sh1, PC9-BrM3 cells transfected with AKR1B10-targeted shRNA vector 1; sh2, PC9-BrM3 cells transfected with AKR1B10-targeted shRNA vector 2; shAKR1B10, PC9-BrM3 cells transfected with AKR1B10-targeted shRNA vector 1)