From: Maternal microbiota and gestational diabetes: impact on infant health
Study/PMID | Location | Sample details | Subject details/time of sampling | Sequencing methodology | Main findings (Microbiota signatures in GDM) compared to controls |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[2] | Finland | Stool samples | 15 GDM and 76 non-GDM (1st trimester, 3rd trimester, 1 month postpartum) | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1–V2 region) | Depleted microbial richness at T1(Trimester 1) |
[59] | Italy | Stool samples | 41 GDM (within patient comparison at enrolment (24–28 weeks) and at 38 weeks of gestation | 16S rRNA gene sequencing ( V3–V4 region) | At study end compared to enrollment: Bacteroides, Collinsella and Rikenellaceae Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, L − Ruminococcus (Ruminococcus genus assigned to Lachnospiraceae family), and Lachnospiraceae |
[62] | Denmark | Stool samples | 50 GDM and 157 non-GDM (3rd trimester, 8 months postpartum) | 16S rRNA gene sequencing ( V1–V2 region) | Differentially abundant OTUs in Third trimester of pregnancy: Actinobacteria, Collinsella, Rothia, Desulfovibrio, Blautia, Faecalibacterium Postpartum: Actinobacteria, Collinsella, Olsenella, Clostridium, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Veillonella, Bavariicoccus, Clostridium sensu stricto, Clostridiaceae_1, Hafnia, Howardella, Dehalobacter |
[86] | Germany | Stool samples | 42 post-GDM and 35 control (3–16 months post-partum) | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V4 region) | Prevotellaceae Firmicutes |
[63] | China | Stool samples | Pregnant women with GDM (n = 30) and normal controls(n = 31) in third trimester | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3–V4) | Gammaproteobacteria, Hemophilus |
[87] | Denmark | Saliva samples | Pregnant women with GDM (n = 50) and normal glucose regulation (n = 160) in third trimester and 9 months postpartum | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3-V4) | Third trimester of pregnancy Actinobacillus paraheamolyticus (OTU_196)Neisseria (OTU_387) Nine months after pregnancy Bacteriodales (OTU_142), Treponema (OTU_242) Leptotrichia (OTU_37), Streptococcus (OTU_183), Neisseria (OTU_387), unclassified Bacteria (OTU_76), Weeksellaceae (OTU_29) and Atopobium (OTU_382) |
[63] | China | Saliva samples | Pregnant women with GDM (n = 30) and normal controls(n = 31) in third trimester | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3–V4) | alpha-diversity, Fusobacteria, Leptotrichia Selenomonas, Bifidobacterium |
[14] | China | Saliva samples | 346 pregnant women (42.98% GDM +), 175 oral samples collected | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3–V4) | Proteobacteria Firmicutes |
[88] | China | Vaginal samples | 25 pregnant women with GDM (n = 15) and normal controls (n = 10) in second and third trimester | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V4–V5) | Lactobacillus jensenii, Lactobacillus listeri, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus salivarius |
[75] | Brazil | Vaginal samples | 68 pregnant women with GDM (n = 26) and normal controls (n = 42) in third trimester | 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V4) | Bacteroides, Veillonella, Klebsiella, Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, and Enterobacter |