Fig. 3

GO, KEGG pathway, and Reactome enrichment analyses of DEGs. a The chord plot showing the top 10 enriched biological processes of DEGs. Compared with OA, RA patients have stronger immune cells and complement system activation in the synovium, such as leukocyte and lymphocyte. b The bubble plot showing the most enriched KEGG and Reactome pathways of DEGs. The most significant KEGG pathways involved cytokines and their signaling pathways, while the most significant Reactome pathways were immune system and signal transduction. These indicate that the immune signal is more strongly activated in RA synovium, which is consistent with the clinical manifestations (such as arthritis). The screening criteria for significant enriched biological processes and pathways were Q < 0.05. The Q value is the adjusted p value