Fig. 1

Clinical and pathological responses to neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy. A Response assessment with CT according to RECIST 1.1. B Pathological tumor regression in the resected primary tumor. The presence and absence of lymph node (LN) metastasis in the resection specimen and preoperative radiologic response are annotated for each patient. C Representative CT images and hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of tumor tissue obtained before neoadjuvant therapy and after surgery from a patient with PR (the upper row) and a patient with SD (the lower row). These two patients were representatives of responders and non-responders, respectively. D Pathological characteristics of resection specimens collected after surgery from a patient with pCR and a patient with MPR. The red circle indicates tertiary lymphoid structures. Tertiary lymphoid structures were visualized by hematoxylin and eosin-staining and immunostaining for CD3 (brown) and CD20 (red). CR: complete response; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease; PD: progressive disease; ORR: objective response rate. pCR: complete pathological response; MPR: major pathological response; CT: computed tomography. Primary tumors with more than 10% residual viable tumor cells were considered as non-responders